一般使用卡斯蒂利亚发音。除了涉及到有/θ / 和 /ʎ / 发音的单词
辅音 IPA 举例 英语近似发音 汉语拼音近似发音 b [1] b estia; emb uste; v aca; env idia; fútb olb est浊音b β beb é; ob tuso; viv ir; curv a 介于 bab y和 bev y之间 介于v和b之间，浊音 d [1] d edo; cuand o; ald abad ead浊音d ð dád iva; ard er; ad mirar th is无 f f ase; caf éf acef ɡ [1] g ato; leng ua; gu errag ot浊音g ɣ trig o; amarg o; sigu e; sig no 类似于 g o, 但不像g那样完全阻住气流类似于 g , 但不像g那样完全阻住气流ʝ [1] [2] ay uno; poy o y ouɟʝ [1] [2] cóny uge; aby ecto j ob类似于zh k c aña; lac a; qu ise; k ilosc an g l l ino; al haja; principal l eanl ʎ [1] [2] ll ave; poll omilli on 类似于li m [3] m adre; com er; cam po; an fibiom otherm n [3] n ido; an illo; an helo; sin ; álbum n eedn ɲ [3] ñ andú; cañ ón; en yesarcany on 类似于ni ŋ [3] cin co; ven ga; con quista sing ang p p ozo; top osp ouse p r [4] r umbo; carr o; honr a; amor ; amor eter notrilled r 无（大舌颤音 ）ɾ [4] car o; br avo; amor eterno batt er (American English) 无 s [5] s aco; es pita; x enóns acks θ [5] c ereal; enc ima; z orro; enz ima; paz th ing无 t t amiz; át omost and d tʃ ch ubasco; acech arch oose类似于ch v [6] af gano v an浊音f x j amón; ej e; reloj ; g eneral; Méx ico[7] Scottish loch h z [6] is la; mis mo; des huesar quiz 浊音s，平舌r Marginal phonemes IPA 举例 英语近似发音 ʃ [8] sh ow; Roch er; Freix enetsh ack类似于sh ts abertz ale; Pátz cuaro cats c
单元音 IPA 举例 英语近似发音 a a za ha rfa ther e ve he me nte se t i di mi ti r; mí o; y see o bo sco so so le u cu cu ru cho; dú o foo d 半元音 [9]
IPA 举例 英语近似发音 j ali ada; ci elo; ampli o; ci udad y etw [10] cu adro; fu ego; Hu ila ardu o w ine重音和音节 IPA 举例 英语近似发音 ˈ ciudad [θjuˈðað] domain . mí o [ˈmi.o] Ma yan
编辑
^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 /b, d, ɡ, ʝ/ are pronounced as the fricatives or approximants [β̞, ð̞, ɣ̞, ʝ̞] ; represented here without the undertacks) in all places except after a pausa, after an /n/ or /m/ or, in the case of /d/ and /ʝ/ , after an /l/ , in which contexts they are stops [b, d, ɡ, ɟʝ] , like English b, d, g, j , except that they are fully voiced in all positions unlike their English counterparts. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Most Spanish speakers no longer distinguish /ʎ/ from /ʝ / ; the actual realization depends on dialect, however. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 The nasal consonants /n, m, ɲ/ only contrast before vowels. ^ 4.0 4.1 The rhotic consonants /ɾ/ and /r/ contrast only between vowels. ^ 5.0 5.1 Northern and Central Spain still distinguish between ⟨ s⟩ (/s / ) and soft ⟨ c⟩ or ⟨ z⟩ (/θ / ). ^ 6.0 6.1 [v] and [z] are allophones of, respectively, /f/ and /s/ before voiced consonants .^ The letter ⟨ x⟩ represents /x/ only in certain proper names like Ximena and some placenames in current or former Mexico (Oaxaca Texas ^ /ʃ/ is used only in loanwords and certain proper nouns. ^ The semivowels [w ] and [j ] can be combined with vowels to form rising diphthongs (e.g. ci elo , cu adro ). ^ Some speakers may pronounce word-initial [w] with an epenthetic [ɡ] ; e.g.