輔音/子音 |
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IPA | 範例 | 漢語描述 |
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b | buy, cab | 濁音的b;閩南語「閩」 | d | dye, cad | 濁音的d;吳語「甜」 | ð | thy, breathe, father | 胶辽官话登连片「即」 | dʒ | giant, badge, jam | 無此音;衢州話「陳」 | f | phi, caff, fan | 同漢語f | ɡ (ɡ)[1] | guy, bag | 濁音的g;閩南語「五」、吳語「共」 | h | high, ahead | 喉音的h;閩南語和粵語的「海」 | j | yes, yacht | 同漢語y | k | sky, crack | 同漢語g或k | l | lie, sly, gal | 同漢語l | m | my, smile, cam | 同漢語m | n | nigh, snide, can | 同漢語n | ŋ | sang, sink, singer | 同漢語ng | ŋɡ | finger, anger | θ | thigh, math | 無此音 | p | pie, spy, cap | 同漢語b或p | r | rye, try, very[2] | 類似r或兒化音 | s | sigh, mass | 同漢語s | ʃ | shy, cash, emotion | 類似漢語xu | t | tie, sty, cat, atom | 同漢語t | tʃ | China, catch | 類似漢語qu | v | vie, have | 濁音的f;吳語「飯」 | w | wye, swine | 同漢語w | hw | why[3] | z | zoo, has | 濁音的s | ʒ | pleasure, vision, beige[4] | 無此音;衢州話「床」 | 罕见輔音 |
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x | ugh, loch, Chanukah[5] | 同漢語h | ʔ | uh-oh /ˈʌʔoʊ/ | 「西安」的「安」的開頭 |
| 元音/母音 |
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IPA | 完全元音 | ……後面接 R |
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ɑː | baht, father | ɑr | bard, barn, snarl, star(/ɑːr./ 亦可) | ɒ | pod, John, doll | ɒr | moral, forage | æ | pad, shall, ban | ær | barrow, marry | aɪ | ride, file, fine, pie | aɪər | fire (/aɪr./) | aʊ | loud, foul, down, how | aʊər | hour (/aʊr./) | ɛ | bed, fell, men | ɛr | error, merry | eɪ | made, fail, vein, pay | ɛər | scared, scarce, cairn, Mary (/eɪr./) | ɪ | lid, fill, bin | ɪr | mirror, Sirius | iː | seed, feel, mean, sea | ɪər | beard, fierce, serious (/iːr./) | ɔː | Maud, dawn, fall, straw | ɔr | born, for, aural (/ɔːr./) | ɔɪ | void, foil, coin, boy | ɔɪər | loir, coir (/ɔɪr./) | oʊ | code, foal, bone, go | ɔər | boar, more, oral (/oʊr./) | ʊ | good, full, woman | ʊr | courier | uː | food, fool, soon, chew | ʊər | boor, moor, tourist (/uːr./) | juː | cued, cute, mule, tune, queue | jʊər | cure | ʌ | mud, dull, gun | ʌr | borough, hurry | ɜr | word, girl, fern, furry (/ɝː/) | 弱化元音 |
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ə | Rosa’s, a mission | ər | perform(/ɚ/ 亦可) | ɨ | roses, emission (ɪ 或 ə) | ən | button | ɵ | omission (oʊ 或 ə) | əm | rhythm | ʉ | beautiful, curriculum ([jʉ]) (ʊ 或 ə) | əl | bottle | i | serious (ɪ 或 iː) | ᵊ, ⁱ | (元音經常弱化:nasturtium) | | 重音 | 音節劃分 |
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IPA | 範例 | IPA | 範例 |
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ˈ | intonation /ˌɪntɵˈneɪʃən/, battleship /ˈbætəlʃɪp/ | . | shellfish /ˈʃɛl.fɪʃ/, selfish /ˈsɛlf.ɨʃ/ nitrate /ˈnaɪ.treɪt/, night-rate /ˈnaɪt.reɪt/ hire /ˈhaɪər/, higher /ˈhaɪ.ər/ moai /ˈmoʊ.aɪ/, Windhoek /ˈvɪnt.hʊk/ Vancouveria /væn.kuːˈvɪəriə/ | ˌ |
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