已測序的生物

维基媒体列表条目

已測序的生物指其基因組已經被完全測序生物。其中部分生物的DNA序列已經被完全註釋,功能性的片段(如基因等)已作圖

借助於基因組研究及高通量處理等技術,越來越多的生物的全部基因被人們獲得。自從1995年以來已經有150個基因組被解密,將近每個星期有新的物種添加進來。

已測序的生物列表编辑

下表是目前爲止已經被相當完全測序的生物。

古菌编辑

細菌编辑

藍藻编辑

  • Anabaena spec. - Fadenblaualge
  • Gloeobacter violaceus - primitive Blaualge
  • Synechococcus spec. - Meeres-Blaualge
  • Synechocystis spec. - Meeres-Blaualge
    • Thermosynechococcus elongatus - Thermophile Blaualge

真核生物编辑

原生生物编辑

  • Leishmania infantum - 一種利什曼原蟲
  • Leishmania major - 一種利什曼原蟲
  • Plasmodium falciparum - 惡性瘧原蟲
  • Plasmodium yoelii yoelii - 約氏瘧原蟲,引起嚙齒動物瘧疾
  • Thalassiosira pseudonana - 一種海洋硅藻
  • Trypanosoma brucei - 一種錐體蟲
  • Trypanosoma congolense - 一種錐體蟲
  • Trypanosoma cruci - 一種錐體蟲
  • Trypanosoma vivax - 一種錐體蟲

真菌编辑

  • Ashbya gossypii - 感染柑橘類和棉花的真菌
  • Aspergillus fumigatus - 煙麴黴,人類致病菌
  • Aspergillus nidulans - 構巢麴黴
  • Debaryomyces hansenii - 耐鹽的酵母
  • Encephalitozoon cuniculi - 一種單細胞微孢子蟲
  • Kluyveromyces lactis - 具有潛在藥用生産價值的酵母
  • Kluyveromyces waltii - 一種酵母
  • Magnaporthe grisea - 稻熱病菌
  • Neurospora crassa - 粗糙脈孢菌,橙色的麫包黴,模式生物
  • Phanerochaete chrysosporium - 白腐病病菌
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae - 釀酒酵母,模式生物
  • Schizosaccharomyces pombe - 粟酒裂殖酵母
  • Trichoderma reesei = Hypocrea jecorina - 一種木黴
  • Yarrowia lipolytica - 一種酵母
  • Candida albicans - 白色唸珠菌,人類致病菌

植物编辑

物种基因组大小和开放阅读框文献

Sesamum indicum L. Sesame芝麻(2n = 26)293.7 Mb, 10,656 orfs1

Oryza brachyantha短药野生稻261 Mb, 32,038 orfs2

Chondrus crispus Red seaweed爱尔兰海藻105 Mb, 9,606 orfs3

Pyropia yezoensis susabi-nori海苔43 Mb, 10,327 orfs4

Prunus persica Peach桃226.6 of 265 Mb 27,852 orfs5

Aegilops tauschii山羊草(DD)4.23 Gb (97% of the 4.36), 43,150 orfs6

Triticum urartu乌拉尔图小麦(AA)4.66 Gb (94.3 % of 4.94 Gb, 34,879 orfs7

moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla)毛竹2.05 Gb (95%) 31,987 orfs8

Cicer arietinum Chickpea 鹰嘴豆~738-Mb,28,269 orfs 9520 Mb (70% of 740 Mb), 27,571 orfs10

Prunus mume梅280 Mb, 31,390 orfs11

Gossypium hirsutum L.陆地棉2.425 Gb12

Gossypium hirsutum L.雷蒙德氏棉761.8 Mb13

Citrus sinensis甜橙87.3% of ~367 Mb, 29,445 orfs14

甜橙367 Mb15

Citrullus lanatus watermelon西瓜353.5 of ~425 Mb (83.2%) 23,440 orfs16

Betula nana dwarf birch,矮桦450 Mb17

Nannochloropsis oceanica CCMP1779微绿球藻(产油藻类之一)28.7 Mb,11,973 orfs18

Triticum aestivum bread wheat普通小麦17 Gb, 94,000 and 96,000 orfs19

Hordeum vulgare L. barley大麦1.13 Gb of 5.1 Gb,26,159 high confidence orfs,53,000 low confidence orfs20

Gossypium raimondii cotton雷蒙德氏棉D subgenome,88% of 880 Mb 40,976 orfs21

Linum usitatissimum flax亚麻302 mb (81%), 43,384 orfs22

Musa acuminata banana香蕉472.2 of 523 Mb, 36,542 orfs23

Cucumis melo L. melon甜瓜375 Mb(83.3%)27,427 orfs24

Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd. cv. Dangshansuli梨(砀山酥梨)512.0 Mb (97.1%), 42,812 orfs25,26

Solanum lycopersicum番茄760/900 Mb,34727 orfs27

S. pimpinellifolium LA1589野生番茄739 Mb

Setaria狗尾草属(谷子、青狗尾草)400 Mb,25000-29000 orfs28,29

Cajanus cajan pigeonpea木豆833 Mb,48,680 orfs30

Nannochloropis gaditana一种海藻~29 Mb, 9,052 orfs31

Medicago truncatula蒺藜苜蓿350.2 Mb, 62,388 orfs32

Brassica rapa白菜485 Mb33

Solanum tuberosum马铃薯(DM)725 Mb,39031 orfs34

Thellungiella parvula条叶蓝芥13.08 Mb 29,338 orfs35

Arabidopsis lyrata lyrata玉山筷子芥?183.7 Mb, 32670 orfs36

Fragaria vesca野草莓240 Mb,34,809 orfs37

Theobroma cacao可可76% of 430 Mb, 28,798 orfs38

Aureococcus anophagefferens褐潮藻32 Mb, 11501 orfs39

Selaginella moellendorfii江南卷柏208.5 Mb, 34782 orfs40

Jatropha curcas Palawan麻疯树285.9 Mb, 40929 orfs41

Oryza glaberrima光稃稻(非洲栽培稻)206.3 Mb (0.6x), 10 080 orfs(>70% coverage)42

Phoenix dactylifera棕枣380 Mb of 658 Mb, 25,059 orfs43

Chlorella sp. NC64A小球藻属40000 Kb, 9791 orfs44

Ricinus communis蓖麻 325 Mb, 31,237 orfs45

Malus domestica (Malus x domestica) 苹果742.3 Mb46

Volvox carteri f. nagariensis 69-1b 一种团藻120 Mb, 14437 orfs47

Brachypodium distachyon 短柄草272 Mb,25,532 orfs48

Glycine max cultivar Williams 82栽培大豆1.1 Gb, 46430 orfs49

Zea mays ssp. MaysZea mays ssp. ParviglumisZea mays ssp. MexicanaTripsacum dactyloides var. meridionale无法下载附表50

Zea mays mays cv. B73玉米2.06 Gb, 106046 orfs51

Cucumis sativus 9930黄瓜243.5 Mb, 63312 orfs52

Micromonas pusilla金藻21.7 Mb, 10248 orfs53

Sorghum bicolor高粱697.6 Mb, 32886 orfs54

Phaeodactylum tricornutum三角褐指藻24.6 Mb, 9479 orfs55

Carica papaya L. papaya番木瓜271 Mb (75%), 28,629 orfs56

Physcomitrella patens patens小立碗藓454 Mb, 35805 orfs57

Vitis vinifera L. Pinot Noir, clone ENTAV 115 葡萄504.6 Mb, 29585 orfs58

Vitis vinifera PN40024 葡萄475 Mb59

Ostreococcus lucimarinus 绿色鞭毛藻13.2 Mb, 7640 orfs60

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 莱茵衣藻100 Mb, 15256 orfs61

Populus trichocarpa 黑三角叶杨550 Mb, 45000 orfs62

Ostreococcus tauri 绿藻12.6 Mb, 7892 orfs63

Oryza sativa ssp. japonica 粳稻360.8 Mb, 37544 orfs64

Thalassiosira pseudonana硅藻25 Mb, 11242 orfs65

Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D红藻16.5 Mb, 5331 orfs66

Oryza sativa ssp. japonica粳稻420 Mb, 50000 orfs67

Oryza sativa L. ssp. Indica籼稻 420 Mb, 59855 orfs68

Guillardia theta 蓝隐藻551 Kb, 553 orfs69

Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia 拟南芥119.7 Mb, 31392 orfs70

動物编辑

  • Anopheles gambiae - 冈比亚按蚊
  • Apis mellifera - 意蜂
  • Bos taurus cattle -
  • Caenorhabditis briggsae - 一種線蟲
  • Caenorhabditis elegans - 秀麗隱桿線蟲,模式生物
  • Canis lupus familiaris dog-
  • Ciona intestinalis - 玻璃海鞘
  • Ciona savignyi - 海鞘
  • Drosophila melanogaster - 黑腹果蠅,模式生物
  • Fugu rubripes - 河豚
  • Gallus gallus -
  • Homo sapiens -
  • Mus musculus - 小鼠,模式生物
  • Pan troglodytes - 黑猩猩
  • Rattus norvegicus - 大鼠
  • Schistosoma haematobium - 埃及血吸虫
  • Culex quinquefasciatus - 库蚊
  • Solenopsis invicta - 火蚁
  • Nasonia vitripennis - 金小蜂
  • Linepithema humile - 阿根廷蚁

参考文献编辑

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3Collén, J. et al. Genome structure and metabolic features in the red seaweed Chondrus crispus shed light on evolution of the Archaeplastida. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110, 5247-5252 (2013).

4Nakamura, Y. et al. The first symbiont-free genome sequence of marine red alga, susabi-nori Pyropia yezoensis. PLoS ONE 8, e57122 (2013).

5Verde, I. et al. The high-quality draft genome of peach (Prunus persica) identifies unique patterns of genetic diversity, domestication and genome evolution. Nature Genetics advance online publication (2013).

6Jia, J. et al. Aegilops tauschii draft genome sequence reveals a gene repertoire for wheat adaptation. Nature 496, 91-95 (2013).

7Ling, H.-Q. et al. Draft genome of the wheat A-genome progenitor Triticum urartu. Nature 496, 87-90 (2013).

8Peng, Z. et al. The draft genome of the fast-growing non-timber forest species moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla). Nature Genetics 45, 456-461 (2013).

9Jain, M. et al. A draft genome sequence of the pulse crop chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Plant Journal, DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12173 (2013).

10Varshney, R. K. et al. Draft genome sequence of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) provides a resource for trait improvement. Nat Biotech 31, 240-246 (2013).

11Zhang, Q. et al. The genome of Prunus mume. Nat Commun 3, 1318 (2012).

12Lee, M.-K. et al. Construction of a plant-transformation-competent BIBAC library and genome sequence analysis of polyploid Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). BMC Genomics 14, 208 (2013).

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17Wang, N. et al. Genome sequence of dwarf birch (Betula nana) and cross-species RAD markers. Mol Ecol Article first published online: 21 NOV 2012DOI: 10.1111/mec.12131 (2012).

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外部連結编辑

参见编辑