鋦的同位素

**主要的鋦同位素**
←Am（95）	Bk（97）→
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鋦有从²³³Cm到²⁵¹Cm共19种同位素以及10种同核异构体，全部都有放射性。其中，²⁴⁷Cm最稳定，半衰期1560万年，是之后所有原子序更高的核素半衰期的至少一万倍。它是R-过程产生的绝种核素（英语：extinct radionuclide）。^[1]^[2]锔最稳定的同核异构体则是^246mCm，半衰期1.12秒。

圖表编辑

符號	Z（ p ）	N（ n ）	同位素質量（u）	半衰期	衰變方式^[3]^{[n 1]}	衰變產物^{[n 2]}	原子核自旋
符號	激發能量			半衰期	衰變方式^[3]^{[n 1]}	衰變產物^{[n 2]}	原子核自旋
²³³Cm	96	137	233.05077(8)	1# min	β⁺	²³³Am	3/2+#
²³³Cm	96	137	233.05077(8)	1# min	α	²²⁹Pu	3/2+#
²³⁴Cm	96	138	234.05016(2)	51(12) s	β⁺	²³⁴Am	0+
²³⁴Cm	96	138	234.05016(2)	51(12) s	α	²³⁰Pu	0+
²³⁵Cm	96	139	235.05143(22)#	5# min	β⁺	²³⁵Am	5/2+#
²³⁵Cm	96	139	235.05143(22)#	5# min	α	²³¹Pu	5/2+#
²³⁶Cm	96	140	236.05141(22)#	10# min	β⁺	²³⁶Am	0+
²³⁶Cm	96	140	236.05141(22)#	10# min	α	²³²Pu	0+
²³⁷Cm	96	141	237.05290(22)#	20# min	β⁺	²³⁷Am	5/2+#
²³⁷Cm	96	141	237.05290(22)#	20# min	α	²³³Pu	5/2+#
²³⁸Cm	96	142	238.05303(4)	2.4(1) h	ε (90%)	²³⁸Am	0+
²³⁸Cm	96	142	238.05303(4)	2.4(1) h	α (10%)	²³⁴Pu	0+
²³⁹Cm	96	143	239.05496(11)#	~2.9 h	β⁺ (99.9%)	²³⁹Am	(7/2−)
²³⁹Cm	96	143	239.05496(11)#	~2.9 h	α (.1%)	²³⁵Pu	(7/2−)
²⁴⁰Cm	96	144	240.0555295(25)	27(1) d	α (99.5%)	²³⁶Pu	0+
					ε (.5%)	²⁴⁰Am
					SF (3.9×10⁻⁶%)	(various)
²⁴¹Cm	96	145	241.0576530(23)	32.8(2) d	ε (99%)	²⁴¹Am	1/2+
²⁴¹Cm	96	145	241.0576530(23)	32.8(2) d	α (1%)	²³⁷Pu	1/2+
²⁴²Cm^{[n 3]}	96	146	242.0588358(20)	162.8(2) d	α	²³⁸Pu	0+
					SF (6.33×10⁻⁶%)	(various)
					CD (10⁻¹⁴%)^{[n 4]}	²⁰⁸Pb ³⁴Si
²⁴³Cm	96	147	243.0613891(22)	29.1(1) y	α (99.71%)	²³⁹Pu	5/2+
					ε (.29%)	²⁴³Am
					SF (5.3×10⁻⁹%)	(various)
^243mCm	87.4(1) keV			1.08(3) µs			1/2+
²⁴⁴Cm^{[n 3]}	96	148	244.0627526(20)	18.10(2) y	α	²⁴⁰Pu	0+
²⁴⁴Cm^{[n 3]}	96	148	244.0627526(20)	18.10(2) y	SF (1.34×10⁻⁴%)	(various)	0+
^244mCm	1040.188(12) keV			34(2) ms	IT	²⁴⁴Cm	6+
²⁴⁵Cm	96	149	245.0654912(22)	8.5(1)×10³ y	α	²⁴¹Pu	7/2+
²⁴⁵Cm	96	149	245.0654912(22)	8.5(1)×10³ y	SF (6.1×10⁻⁷%)	(various)	7/2+
^245mCm	355.90(10) keV			290(20) ns			1/2+
²⁴⁶Cm	96	150	246.0672237(22)	4.76(4)×10³ y	α (99.97%)	²⁴²Pu	0+
²⁴⁶Cm	96	150	246.0672237(22)	4.76(4)×10³ y	SF (.0261%)	(various)	0+
^246mCm	1179.66(13) keV			1.12(0.24) s	IT	²⁴⁶Cm	8-
²⁴⁷Cm	96	151	247.070354(5)	1.56(5)×10⁷ y	α	²⁴³Pu	9/2−
²⁴⁸Cm	96	152	248.072349(5)	3.48(6)×10⁵ y	α (91.74%)	²⁴⁴Pu	0+
²⁴⁸Cm	96	152	248.072349(5)	3.48(6)×10⁵ y	SF (8.26%)	(various)	0+
²⁴⁹Cm	96	153	249.075953(5)	64.15(3) min	β⁻	²⁴⁹Bk	1/2(+)
^249mCm	48.758(17) keV			23 µs			(7/2+)
²⁵⁰Cm	96	154	250.078357(12)	8,300# y	SF (80%)^{[n 5]}	(various)	0+
					α (11%)	²⁴⁶Pu
					β⁻ (9%)	²⁵⁰Bk
²⁵¹Cm	96	155	251.082285(24)	16.8(2) min	β⁻	²⁵¹Bk	(1/2+)

備註：畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的證明，只是理論推測而已，而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。

←	同位素列表	→
鋂的同位素	鋦的同位素	锫的同位素

註釋编辑

^ Abbreviations:
CD: Cluster decay
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
SF: Spontaneous fission
^ Bold for stable isotopes
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Most common isotopes
^ Heaviest known nuclide to undergo cluster decay
^ Lightest nuclide to undergo spontaneous fission as the main decay mode

参考文獻编辑

^ Côté, Benoit; Eichler, Marius; Yagüe López, Andrés; Vassh, Nicole; Mumpower, Matthew R.; Világos, Blanka; Soós, Benjámin; Arcones, Almudena; Sprouse, Trevor M.; Surman, Rebecca; Pignatari, Marco; Pető, Mária K.; Wehmeyer, Benjamin; Rauscher, Thomas; Lugaro, Maria. 129 I and 247 Cm in meteorites constrain the last astrophysical source of solar r-process elements. Science. 26 February 2021, 371 (6532): 945–948. PMID 33632846. S2CID 232050526. arXiv:2006.04833  . doi:10.1126/science.aba1111.
^ Davis, A.M.; McKeegan, K.D. Short-Lived Radionuclides and Early Solar System Chronology. Treatise on Geochemistry. 2014: 383. ISBN 9780080983004. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00113-3.
^ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-11-03]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.

Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

[4] Abbreviations:
CD: Cluster decay
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
SF: Spontaneous fission

[5] Bold for stable isotopes

[c-6] 3.0 ^3.1 Most common isotopes

[7] Heaviest known nuclide to undergo cluster decay

[8] Lightest nuclide to undergo spontaneous fission as the main decay mode

[Cm-Côté-1] Côté, Benoit; Eichler, Marius; Yagüe López, Andrés; Vassh, Nicole; Mumpower, Matthew R.; Világos, Blanka; Soós, Benjámin; Arcones, Almudena; Sprouse, Trevor M.; Surman, Rebecca; Pignatari, Marco; Pető, Mária K.; Wehmeyer, Benjamin; Rauscher, Thomas; Lugaro, Maria. 129 I and 247 Cm in meteorites constrain the last astrophysical source of solar r-process elements. Science. 26 February 2021, 371 (6532): 945–948. PMID 33632846. S2CID 232050526. arXiv:2006.04833  . doi:10.1126/science.aba1111.

[Cm-Davis-2] Davis, A.M.; McKeegan, K.D. Short-Lived Radionuclides and Early Solar System Chronology. Treatise on Geochemistry. 2014: 383. ISBN 9780080983004. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00113-3.

[3] Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-11-03]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.

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