鉬的同位素

**主要的鉬同位素**
標準原子質量（英语：Standard atomic weight） (Ar, 標準)	95.95(1);
←Nb（41）	Tc（43）→
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鉬（原子量：95.94(2)）共有33個同位素和四个同核异构体，原子量在83至115之间，其中有6個同位素是穩定的。其中有七个同位素存在于自然界，分别是⁹²Mo、⁹⁴Mo、⁹⁵Mo、⁹⁶Mo、⁹⁷Mo、⁹⁸Mo以及放射性的¹⁰⁰Mo。

圖表编辑

符號	Z（ p ）	N（ n ）	同位素質量（u）	半衰期^{[n 1]}	衰變方式^[3]^{[n 2]}	衰變產物^{[n 3]}	原子核自旋	相對豐度（莫耳分率）	相對豐度的變化量（莫耳分率）
符號	激發能量			半衰期^{[n 1]}	衰變方式^[3]^{[n 2]}	衰變產物^{[n 3]}	原子核自旋	相對豐度（莫耳分率）	相對豐度的變化量（莫耳分率）
⁸³Mo	42	41	82.94874(54)#	23(19) ms [6(+30-3) ms]^[4]	β⁺, p	⁸²Zr	3/2-#
⁸³Mo	42	41	82.94874(54)#	23(19) ms [6(+30-3) ms]^[4]	β⁺	⁸³Nb	3/2-#
⁸⁴Mo	42	42	83.94009(43)#	3.8(9) ms [3.7(+10-8) s]	β⁺	⁸⁴Nb	0+
⁸⁵Mo	42	43	84.93655(30)#	3.2(2) s	β⁺	⁸⁵Nb	(1/2-)#
⁸⁶Mo	42	44	85.93070(47)	19.6(11) s	β⁺	⁸⁶Nb	0+
⁸⁷Mo	42	45	86.92733(24)	14.05(23) s	β⁺ (85%)	⁸⁷Nb	7/2+#
⁸⁷Mo	42	45	86.92733(24)	14.05(23) s	β⁺, p (15%)	⁸⁶Zr	7/2+#
⁸⁸Mo	42	46	87.921953(22)	8.0(2) min	β⁺	⁸⁸Nb	0+
⁸⁹Mo	42	47	88.919480(17)	2.11(10) min	β⁺	⁸⁹Nb	(9/2+)
^89mMo	387.5(2) keV			190(15) ms	IT	⁸⁹Mo	(1/2-)
⁹⁰Mo	42	48	89.913937(7)	5.56(9) h	β⁺	⁹⁰Nb	0+
^90mMo	2874.73(15) keV			1.12(5) µs			8+#
⁹¹Mo	42	49	90.911750(12)	15.49(1) min	β⁺	⁹¹Nb	9/2+
^91mMo	653.01(9) keV			64.6(6) s	IT (50.1%)	⁹¹Mo	1/2-
^91mMo	653.01(9) keV			64.6(6) s	β⁺ (49.9%)	⁹¹Nb	1/2-
⁹²Mo	42	50	91.906811(4)	觀測上穩定^{[n 4]}			0+	0.14649(106)
^92mMo	2760.46(16) keV			190(3) ns			8+
⁹³Mo	42	51	92.906813(4)	4,000(800) a	ε	⁹³Nb	5/2+
^93mMo	2424.89(3) keV			6.85(7) h	IT (99.88%)	⁹³Mo	21/2+
^93mMo	2424.89(3) keV			6.85(7) h	β⁺ (.12%)	⁹³Nb	21/2+
⁹⁴Mo	42	52	93.9050883(21)	稳定			0+	0.09187(33)
⁹⁵Mo^{[n 5]}	42	53	94.9058421(21)	稳定			5/2+	0.15873(30)
⁹⁶Mo	42	54	95.9046795(21)	稳定			0+	0.16673(30)
⁹⁷Mo^{[n 5]}	42	55	96.9060215(21)	稳定			5/2+	0.09582(15)
98 Mo ^{[n 5]}	42	56	97.9054082(21)	觀測上穩定^{[n 6]}			0+	0.24292(80)
⁹⁹Mo^{[n 5]}^{[n 7]}	42	57	98.9077119(21)	2.7489(6) d	β⁻	^99mTc	1/2+
^99m1Mo	97.785(3) keV			15.5(2) µs			5/2+
^99m2Mo	684.5(4) keV			0.76(6) µs			11/2-
¹⁰⁰Mo^{[n 8]}^{[n 5]}	42	58	99.907477(6)	8.5(5)×10¹⁸ a	β⁻β⁻	¹⁰⁰Ru	0+	0.09744(65)
¹⁰¹Mo	42	59	100.910347(6)	14.61(3) min	β⁻	¹⁰¹Tc	1/2+
¹⁰²Mo	42	60	101.910297(22)	11.3(2) min	β⁻	¹⁰²Tc	0+
¹⁰³Mo	42	61	102.91321(7)	67.5(15) s	β⁻	¹⁰³Tc	(3/2+)
¹⁰⁴Mo	42	62	103.91376(6)	60(2) s	β⁻	¹⁰⁴Tc	0+
¹⁰⁵Mo	42	63	104.91697(8)	35.6(16) s	β⁻	¹⁰⁵Tc	(5/2-)
¹⁰⁶Mo	42	64	105.918137(19)	8.73(12) s	β⁻	¹⁰⁶Tc	0+
¹⁰⁷Mo	42	65	106.92169(17)	3.5(5) s	β⁻	¹⁰⁷Tc	(7/2-)
^107mMo	66.3(2) keV			470(30) ns			(5/2-)
¹⁰⁸Mo	42	66	107.92345(21)#	1.09(2) s	β⁻	¹⁰⁸Tc	0+
¹⁰⁹Mo	42	67	108.92781(32)#	0.53(6) s	β⁻	¹⁰⁹Tc	(7/2-)#
¹¹⁰Mo	42	68	109.92973(43)#	0.27(1) s	β⁻ (>99.9%)	¹¹⁰Tc	0+
¹¹⁰Mo	42	68	109.92973(43)#	0.27(1) s	β⁻, n (<.1%)	¹⁰⁹Tc	0+
¹¹¹Mo	42	69	110.93441(43)#	200# ms [>300 ns]	β⁻	¹¹¹Tc
¹¹²Mo	42	70	111.93684(64)#	150# ms [>300 ns]	β⁻	¹¹²Tc	0+
¹¹³Mo	42	71	112.94188(64)#	100# ms [>300 ns]	β⁻	¹¹³Tc
¹¹⁴Mo	42	72	113.94492(75)#	80# ms [>300 ns]			0+
¹¹⁵Mo	42	73	114.95029(86)#	60# ms [>300 ns]
¹¹⁶Mo	42	74	(116)#	> 391 ns^[5]	β⁻^[5]	¹¹⁶Tc	0+^[5]
¹¹⁶Mo	42	74	(116)#	> 391 ns^[5]	β⁻, n^[5]	¹¹⁵Tc	0+^[5]
¹¹⁷Mo^[6]	42	75	(117)#	(> 393) ns^[6]	β⁻, 2n^[6]	115 Tc
					β⁻, n^[6]	116 Tc
					β⁻^[6]	117 Tc
¹¹⁸Mo	42	76	(118)#

備註：畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，只是理論推測而已，而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。

←	同位素列表	→
鈮的同位素	鉬的同位素	锝的同位素

註釋编辑

^ Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)
^ Abbreviations:
ε: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
^ Bold for stable isotopes
^ Believed to decay by β⁺β⁺ to ⁹²Zr with a half-life over 1.9×10²⁰ years
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 Fission product
^ Believed to decay by β⁻β⁻ to ⁹⁸Ru with a half-life of over 1×10¹⁴ years
^ Used to produce the medically useful radioisotope technetium-99m
^ Primordial radionuclide

参考文獻编辑

^ Kajan, I.; Heinitz, S.; Kossert, K.; Sprung, P.; Dressler, R.; Schumann, D. First direct determination of the ⁹³Mo half-life. Scientific Reports. 2021-10-05, 11 (1). ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 8492754  . PMID 34611245. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-99253-5.
^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
^ 存档副本. [2015-09-15]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.
^ molybdenum-83 :Table of Nuclides （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive, nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 molybdenum-116 :Table of Nuclides （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive, nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 ^6.4 molybdenum-117 :Table of Nuclides （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive, nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]

Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

[3] Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)

[5] Abbreviations:
ε: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition

[6] Bold for stable isotopes

[8] Believed to decay by β⁺β⁺ to ⁹²Zr with a half-life over 1.9×10²⁰ years

[FP-9] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 Fission product

[10] Believed to decay by β⁻β⁻ to ⁹⁸Ru with a half-life of over 1×10¹⁴ years

[11] Used to produce the medically useful radioisotope technetium-99m

[12] Primordial radionuclide

[1] Kajan, I.; Heinitz, S.; Kossert, K.; Sprung, P.; Dressler, R.; Schumann, D. First direct determination of the ⁹³Mo half-life. Scientific Reports. 2021-10-05, 11 (1). ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 8492754  . PMID 34611245. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-99253-5.

[CIAAW2013-2] Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

[4] 存档副本. [2015-09-15]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.

[Mo-83-7] ybdenum-83 :Table of Nuclides （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive, nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]

[Mo-116-13] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 molybdenum-116 :Table of Nuclides （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive, nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]

[Mo-117-14] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 ^6.4 molybdenum-117 :Table of Nuclides （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive, nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]

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