邊界流
邊界流（英語：Boundary Current）是指在大陸邊緣的洋流，因此其動力受海岸線的影響。边界流可分為兩個不同的類別：西部邊界流和東部邊界流。
東部邊界流位於大洋盆地的東側（毗鄰大陸的西海岸），一般較淺、較寬而且流動緩慢。位於副熱帶的東部邊界洋流是向赤道流動的，把冷水從高緯度地區輸送到低緯度地區。本格拉洋流[1]、加那利洋流[2]、 洪堡洋流[3] 和加利福尼亞洋流（英語：California Current）[4]等均屬于東部邊界流。在這些地區的沿岸上升流，經常把富含海鲜的深水帶入東部邊界洋流區，使其成為海產豐富區域[5][6]。
而西部邊界流则分為亞熱帶和低緯度西部邊界流兩種洋流。亞熱帶西部邊界洋流是由於大環流的西環強化（英語：Western intensification）作用的，而在洋盆西側形成的溫暖、深、窄和快速流動的洋流，它們從熱帶向極地方向運送溫水。墨西哥灣流[7]、阿古拉斯洋流[8]和黑潮[9]等均屬此種西部邊界流。低緯度西部邊界流類似於亞熱帶西部邊界流，但將冷水從亞熱帶流向赤道方向。棉蘭老島洋流（英語：Mindanao Current）[10]和巴西北部洋流（英語：North Brazil Current）[11]等也屬于此種西部邊界流。[12][13]。
參考文獻编辑
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- ^ Kathryn A. Kelly, R. Justin Small,R. M. Samelson, Bo Qiu, Terrence M. Joyce, Young-Oh Kwon, and Meghan F. Cronin (2010)Western Boundary Currents and Frontal Air–Sea Interaction: Gulf Stream and Kuroshio Extension Jour of Climate Vol. 23 Issue 21, p 5644-5667.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3346.1
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- ^ Müller, T. J., Ikeda, Y., Zangenberg, N., and Nonato, L. V. (1998), Direct measurements of western boundary currents off Brazil between 20°S and 28°S, J. Geophys. Res., 103( C3), 5429– 5437, doi:10.1029/97JC03529
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