菊糖Inulin),也叫菊粉,是FDA認可的可溶性膳食纤维[1]。其是一种果聚糖,由果糖分子聚合而成,多含在菊科桔梗科植物的细胞中(如洋姜)。

菊粉
识别
CAS号9005-80-5  checkY
PubChem24763
ChemSpidernone
DrugBankDB00638
性质
化学式C6nH10n+2O5n+1
摩尔质量Polymer; depends on n g·mol⁻¹
药理学
ATC代码V04CH01V04
危险性
NFPA 704
1
1
0
 
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

菊糖是一種天然的多醣體,由許多種植物製造。其被認為是一種可溶性纖維,有時也被歸類在益生素中,因為菊糖可在消化道中被細菌用作為食物[2]

诊断应用编辑

由于菊粉进入血流后既不分解,又不与蛋白结合,能(且只能)被肾小球滤过[3],因而可以通过静脉注射菊粉后观察其血浆清除率来确定肾小球滤过率[4][5],菊粉清除率被认为是测定肾小球滤过率的金标准[6]

天然來源编辑

含有高濃度菊粉的植物包括[7]

植物富含部位菊粉含量(鲜重质量比,%)
(Allium sativum)球茎9–16
石刁柏(芦笋,Asparagus officinalis)块根10–15
糠米百合属(Camassia sp.)球茎12–22
菊苣(Cichorium intybus)15–20
大丽花(Dahlia sp.)块根15–20
菊芋(洋薑,Helianthus tuberosus)块根14–19
云木香(Saussurea lappa)18–20
菊薯(雪莲果,Smallanthus sonchifolius)3–19
药用蒲公英(Taraxacum officinale)12–15
婆罗门参(Tragopogon sp.)15–20

參考來源编辑

  1. ^ Nutrition, Center for Food Safety and Applied. Guidance for Industry: The Declaration of Certain Isolated or Synthetic Non-Digestible Carbohydrates as Dietary Fiber on Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2020-02-01 [2023-07-08]. (原始内容存档于2023-07-09) (英语). 
  2. ^ 朱, 立猛. 菊粉对小鼠肠道微生物调节作用的研究. 2017 [2023-07-08]. (原始内容存档于2023-07-08). 
  3. ^ Richards, A. N.; Westfall, B. B.; Bott, P. A. Renal Excretion of Inulin, Creatinine and Xylose in Normal Dogs. Experimental Biology and Medicine. 1934-10-01, 32 (1). ISSN 1535-3702. doi:10.3181/00379727-32-7564P (英语). 
  4. ^ Shannon, James A.; Smith, Homer W. THE EXCRETION OF INULIN, XYLOSE AND UREA BY NORMAL AND PHLORIZINIZED MAN. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 1935-07-01, 14 (4) [2023-07-08]. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 424694 . PMID 16694313. doi:10.1172/JCI100690. (原始内容存档于2023-07-08) (英语). 
  5. ^ Coulthard, Malcolm G.; Ruddock, Valerie. Validation of inulin as a marker for glomerular filtration in preterm babies. Kidney International. 1983-02, 23 (2). ISSN 0085-2538. doi:10.1038/ki.1983.34. 
  6. ^ Hsu, Chi-yuan; Bansal, Nisha. Measured GFR as “Gold Standard”—All that Glitters Is Not Gold?. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2011-08, 6 (8) [2023-07-08]. ISSN 1555-9041. doi:10.2215/CJN.06040611. (原始内容存档于2023-07-08) (美国英语). 
  7. ^ Singh, R. S.; Chauhan, Kanika; Pandey, Ashok; Larroche, Christian. Biocatalytic strategies for the production of high fructose syrup from inulin. Bioresource Technology. 2018-07-01, 260. ISSN 0960-8524. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.127 (英语). 

外部連結编辑