细胞衰老

细胞衰老是一种以细胞分裂停止为特征的现象。在20世纪60年代初的实验中，Leonard Hayflick（英语：Leonard Hayflick）和Paul Moorhead发现，正常的人类胎儿成纤维细胞在最多达到大约50次细胞群倍增期就会变得衰老。这个过程被称为 "复制性衰老"，^[1]^[2]^[3]或海佛烈克極限。细胞衰老可以由各种因素引發^[4]。这些因素包括环境和内部损害、细胞异常生长、氧化应激、自噬因素，以及其他因素^[5]。

参考文献编辑

^ Cellular senescence in cancer and aging. Cell. July 2007, 130 (2): 223–33. PMID 17662938. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.07.003.
^ Tumor dormancy, quiescence, and senescence, Volume 2: Aging, cancer, and noncancer pathologies. Springer. 2014: 188.
^ Epigenetics of Aging. Springer. 2010: 227. ISBN 978-1-4419-0638-0.
^ Hayflick, his limit, and cellular ageing. Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology. October 2000, 1 (1): 72–6. PMID 11413492. doi:10.1038/35036093.
^ The essence of senescence. Genes & Development. November 2010, 24 (22): 2463–79. PMC 2975923  . PMID 21078816. doi:10.1101/gad.1971610.

[Cell_20072-1] Cellular senescence in cancer and aging. Cell. July 2007, 130 (2): 223–33. PMID 17662938. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.07.003.

[2] Tumor dormancy, quiescence, and senescence, Volume 2: Aging, cancer, and noncancer pathologies. Springer. 2014: 188.

[3] Epigenetics of Aging. Springer. 2010: 227. ISBN 978-1-4419-0638-0.

[Shay20002-4] Hayflick, his limit, and cellular ageing. Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology. October 2000, 1 (1): 72–6. PMID 11413492. doi:10.1038/35036093.

[:22-5] The essence of senescence. Genes & Development. November 2010, 24 (22): 2463–79. PMC 2975923  . PMID 21078816. doi:10.1101/gad.1971610.

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