碧雅翠絲·舒巴

碧雅翠絲·舒巴
Beatrix Schuba
碧雅翠絲·舒巴; Beatrix Schuba
	2011年時的舒巴
个人资料
别称	崔西·舒巴; Trixi Schuba
代表国家	奥地利
出生	1951年4月15日（73歲）
身高	1.70米（5英尺7英寸）
前任教练	赫爾穆特·賽伯特（英语：Helmut Seibt）; 利奧波德·林哈特
俱乐部	維也納
退役	1973
代表奥地利
花式滑冰
冬季奧運會
世界錦標賽
歐州錦標賽

碧雅翠絲（崔西）·舒巴（Beatrix "Trixi" Schuba，1951年4月15日—），奧地利花式滑冰女子單人滑運動員，曾獲1972年冬季奧運會（英语：Figure skating at the 1972 Winter Olympics）冠軍，兩屆世界錦標賽冠軍（1971-1972年）、兩屆歐州錦標賽冠軍（1971-1972年），以及六屆奧地利錦標賽（英语：Austrian Figure Skating Championships）冠軍（1967–1972年）^[1]。

她被認為是最擅長規定圖形（英语：compulsory figures）項目的運動員之一^[2]^[3]^[4]。

早年生活编辑

舒巴生於維也納，十三歲那年父親過世，她進職業學校念書，以掌管家裡的木柴生意。她利用上午時間滑冰，下午工作^[5]。

選手生涯编辑

舒巴對滑冰感興趣要從1955年說起，當時她父母買電視來收看維也納國家歌劇院與城堡劇院的表演，而她在電視上看到一場美國滑冰比賽轉播^[6]。1955到1962年間，赫尔穆特·赛布特擔任她的教練^[7]，後來則改由利奧波德·林哈特執教（Leopold Linhart）^[1]。

1967年，十六歲的她奪得第一個重要頭銜——奧地利錦標賽（英语：Austrian Figure Skating Championships）女子單人滑冠軍；之後她連續衛冕六次。1960年代末70年代初，舒巴一直穩定提高國際大賽成績：她先是進入歐洲錦標賽與世界錦標賽前五名，然後在1971與1972年連續贏得這兩項大賽的金牌^[1]。

舒巴選手生涯最重要的成就便是1972年於札幌登上奧運會冠軍寶座^[8]，她是1924年赫瑪·薩博奪冠以後第二位成為女單奧運冠軍的奧地利選手，而截至目前還未有第三位奧地利選手承繼這份榮譽^[6]。舒巴在規定圖形項目名列第一，而美國選手珍奈特·林恩（英语：Janet Lynn）是自由滑項目的第一名。由於當時的評分系統中規定圖形分數比重較重，最後舒巴奪金，而林恩的總成績不僅落後於舒巴，還排在加拿大選手卡伦·马格努森之後，僅得到銅牌^[9]。

贏得奧運金牌後的下一個月，舒巴衛冕世界盃冠軍，當屆世界盃的銀牌是瑪格紐森，林恩也依然是銅牌^[10]。這一年的尾聲，舒巴被奧地利體育記者冠上1972年年度運動員（英语：Austrian Sportspersonality of the year）的榮譽^[11]。

國際滑冰總會則決定在下一個賽季（1972-1973年）增加短節目項目，以降低規定圖形項目在評分系統中的比重，最終在1990年完全廢除規定圖形比賽^[12]。

退役後的生活编辑

退役後，舒巴在滑冰秀冰之歌舞團（英语：Ice Follies）與冰上節日（英语：Holiday on Ice）表演超過六年，職業表演生涯頗為成功。後來她進入保險業，並從事該行業至今^[13]^[6]。

除了保險事業，舒巴亦曾在許多奧地利運動組織擔任要職。她曾是奧地利滑冰協會（Austrian Ice Skating Association）第一位女性會長，並在2004年到2009年間擔任奧地利奧林匹克委員會董事^[14]。2007年起，她擔任國際五項維也納俱樂部的會長。2009年起，她任職奧地利帕奧委員會（英语：Austrian Paralympic Committee）的董事。2010年起，她成為格拉茨滑冰協會副會長^[14]。

賽事成績编辑

國際
賽事	1967	1968	1969	1970	1971	1972
冬奧		5th				1st
世錦賽	9th	4th	2nd	2nd	1st	1st
歐錦賽	5th	3rd	3rd	2nd	1st	1st
國內
奧錦賽（英语：Austrian Figure Skating Championships）	1st	1st	1st	1st	1st	1st

參考資料编辑

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Trixi Schuba Biography and Olympic Results. Sports Reference. Sports Reference. [1 February 2011]. ^{[永久失效連結]}
^ Hamill, Dorothy; Clairmont, Elva. Dorothy Hamill On and Off the Ice. A.A. Knopf. 1983: 114. ISBN 978-0-394-85610-0. Still, it was exciting to see all the famous foreign skaters, Karen Magnussen from Canada (the local girl); Beatrix Schuba, the girl from Austria who was said to have the best figures in the history of skating; little Christine Errath from East Germany and her teammate Sonja Morgenstern.
^ Künzle-Watson, Karin; DeArmond, Stephen J. Ice Skating: Steps to Success. Steps to Success 1. Human Kinetics. 1996: 113. ISBN 978-0-87322-669-1. To this day, there are two individuals considered the best at this art: Gillis Grafström of Sweden, who was the men's Olympic champion in 1920, 1923, and 1928, and Beatrix "Trixi" Schuba of Austria, who was the women's Olympic champion in 1972.
^ Sivorinovsky, Alina. Inside Figure Skating. MetroBooks. 2000: 17. ISBN 978-1-58663-005-8. Her closest competitor, 1972 Olympic champion Beatrix "Trixie" Schuba of Austria, was a lethargic freestyler but arguably the greatest figure skater the world had ever seen.
^ Trixi Schuba - Sportpersönlichkeit aus Wien [Trixi Schuba - Sports Personality of Vienna]. Wien.gv.at. Vienna: Vienna Sports Department, City of Vienna. [8 February 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011年7月6日）（德语）.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 Biographie. Trixi Schuba. Zenker und Co. [1 February 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011年3月15日）.
^ Hellmut Seibt - A Life For Figure Skating. Vienna: Eissport Klub Englemann. [2014-04-16]. （原始内容存档于2014-03-02）.
^ U.S. men win on ice, but not like Dutchman.. The Miami News (Miami, FL). Associated Press. 7 February 1972 [22 January 2010]. And, just as she said she would, Miss Schuba used that lead to breeze to victory and a gold medal while Miss Holmes faded to fourth, giving Miss Magnussen, the North American champion, the silver and Miss Lynn, the four-time U.S. titlist, the bronze, America's second in the games. ^{[失效連結]}
^ Figure Skating at the 1972 Sapporo Winter Games: Women's Singles. Sports Reference. Sports Reference. [1 February 2011]. （原始内容存档于2010-05-08）.
^ Trixi wins title and then retires. The Montreal Gazette (Montreal). Canadian Press. 13 March 1972: 23 [9 February 2011]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-06）. Trixi Schuba, a sad Austrian girl who laughingly apologized for winning, has capped her international skating career by retaining her world figure-skating crown.
^ Schuba Edges Proell As Athlete of Year. Lawrence Daily Journal-World (Lawrence, KS). Associated Press. 22 December 1972: 15 [24 August 2011]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-06）. Austria's Beatrix Schuba, the world and Olympic figure skating champion, beat double World Cup ski winner and current leader in the Cup standings, Annemarie Proell, in a sports writers' poll of Best Athlete of the Year.
^ No More Figures In Figure Skating. The New York Times. Associated Press. 9 June 1988 [4 February 2011]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-18）. Under the rule change, the figures' share of the total score, which was 60 percent 20 years ago, will go down immediately from 30 to 20 percent. A revamped short program's value will be increased to 30 percent from 20.
^ Neumann, Fritz. Trixi Schuba: "Mehr als zwei Schnitzel kann ich auch nicht essen am Tag" [Trixi Schuba: "I can't eat more than two schnitzels a day"]. Der Standard. 2 February 2006. （原始内容存档于2014年2月26日）（德语）.
^ ^14.0 ^14.1 Erfolge. Trixi Schuba. Zenker und Co. [1 February 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011年3月16日）.

外部連結编辑

维基共享资源上的相關多媒體資源：碧雅翠絲·舒巴

Trixi Schuba, Janet Lynn, and Karen Magnussen tracing figures at the 1972 Winter Olympics （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

導航编辑

[sr-schuba-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Trixi Schuba Biography and Olympic Results. Sports Reference. Sports Reference. [1 February 2011]. ^{[永久失效連結]}

[DH1983-2] Hamill, Dorothy; Clairmont, Elva. Dorothy Hamill On and Off the Ice. A.A. Knopf. 1983: 114. ISBN 978-0-394-85610-0. Still, it was exciting to see all the famous foreign skaters, Karen Magnussen from Canada (the local girl); Beatrix Schuba, the girl from Austria who was said to have the best figures in the history of skating; little Christine Errath from East Germany and her teammate Sonja Morgenstern.

[steps1996-3] Künzle-Watson, Karin; DeArmond, Stephen J. Ice Skating: Steps to Success. Steps to Success 1. Human Kinetics. 1996: 113. ISBN 978-0-87322-669-1. To this day, there are two individuals considered the best at this art: Gillis Grafström of Sweden, who was the men's Olympic champion in 1920, 1923, and 1928, and Beatrix "Trixi" Schuba of Austria, who was the women's Olympic champion in 1972.

[sivo2000-4] Sivorinovsky, Alina. Inside Figure Skating. MetroBooks. 2000: 17. ISBN 978-1-58663-005-8. Her closest competitor, 1972 Olympic champion Beatrix "Trixie" Schuba of Austria, was a lethargic freestyler but arguably the greatest figure skater the world had ever seen.

[CoVbio-5] Trixi Schuba - Sportpersönlichkeit aus Wien [Trixi Schuba - Sports Personality of Vienna]. Wien.gv.at. Vienna: Vienna Sports Department, City of Vienna. [8 February 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011年7月6日）（德语）.

[biographie-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 Biographie. Trixi Schuba. Zenker und Co. [1 February 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011年3月15日）.

[EKEbioHS-7] Hellmut Seibt - A Life For Figure Skating. Vienna: Eissport Klub Englemann. [2014-04-16]. （原始内容存档于2014-03-02）.

[AP720207-8] U.S. men win on ice, but not like Dutchman.. The Miami News (Miami, FL). Associated Press. 7 February 1972 [22 January 2010]. And, just as she said she would, Miss Schuba used that lead to breeze to victory and a gold medal while Miss Holmes faded to fourth, giving Miss Magnussen, the North American champion, the silver and Miss Lynn, the four-time U.S. titlist, the bronze, America's second in the games. ^{[失效連結]}

[sr-sapporo-9] Figure Skating at the 1972 Sapporo Winter Games: Women's Singles. Sports Reference. Sports Reference. [1 February 2011]. （原始内容存档于2010-05-08）.

[CP720313-10] Trixi wins title and then retires. The Montreal Gazette (Montreal). Canadian Press. 13 March 1972: 23 [9 February 2011]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-06）. Trixi Schuba, a sad Austrian girl who laughingly apologized for winning, has capped her international skating career by retaining her world figure-skating crown.

[AP721222-11] Schuba Edges Proell As Athlete of Year. Lawrence Daily Journal-World (Lawrence, KS). Associated Press. 22 December 1972: 15 [24 August 2011]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-06）. Austria's Beatrix Schuba, the world and Olympic figure skating champion, beat double World Cup ski winner and current leader in the Cup standings, Annemarie Proell, in a sports writers' poll of Best Athlete of the Year.

[NYT880609-12] No More Figures In Figure Skating. The New York Times. Associated Press. 9 June 1988 [4 February 2011]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-18）. Under the rule change, the figures' share of the total score, which was 60 percent 20 years ago, will go down immediately from 30 to 20 percent. A revamped short program's value will be increased to 30 percent from 20.

[DS060202-13] Neumann, Fritz. Trixi Schuba: "Mehr als zwei Schnitzel kann ich auch nicht essen am Tag" [Trixi Schuba: "I can't eat more than two schnitzels a day"]. Der Standard. 2 February 2006. （原始内容存档于2014年2月26日）（德语）.

[erfolge-14] 14.0 ^14.1 Erfolge. Trixi Schuba. Zenker und Co. [1 February 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011年3月16日）.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

Baike