毛黴屬

毛黴屬
	Mucor sp.
科学分类
界：	真菌界 Fungi
门：	毛黴門 Mucoromycota
纲：	毛霉纲 Mucoromycetes
目：	毛霉目 Mucorales
科：	毛霉科 Mucoraceae
属：	毛黴屬 Mucor; Fresen.
品種
	見段落。
異名
	Ascidiophora Reichenbach; Calyptromyces H.Karsten, 1849; Chionyphe Thienemann, 1839; Chlamydomucor Bref.; Circinomucor Arx; Hydrophora Tode; Lactomyces Boulanger, 1899; Monilia C.H.Persoon, 1794; Mucedo Persoon, 1794; Scitovszkya S.Schulzer von Müggenburgon Müggenburg et al., 1866; Thelactis Martius, 1821;

毛黴屬（學名：Mucor）是一個包含大約有十多個品種的黴菌屬，普遍可在泥土、植物的表面、腐爛的蔬果或消化系統中找到它，它可以制作豆腐乳。

描述编辑

黴菌是一種真菌，它的菌落的顏色一般呈現白色、米黃色到灰色，生長快速，在適合的培植介質中可以生長至數厘米高。當菌落成熟，由於孢子的發展，使菌落的顏色變成灰或褐色。

繁殖编辑

部分品種（Mucor mucedo）無性繁殖。當孢子囊柄（sporangiophore）直立及發育成熟，孢子囊柄頂端脹大形成球狀孢子囊（sporangium），內裝單核單倍體孢子（sporangiospore）。孢子囊頂端的囊軸向孢子囊伸出，囊壁隨之爆開並釋出孢子。

有性繁殖時，部分短小菌絲形成配子囊（gametangia），當兩合適之配子囊接合，便形成球狀、具厚壁的接合孢子囊（zygosporangium）。接合孢子囊內藏一個接合孢子（zygospore）。接合孢子囊內進行核配（karyogamy）和減數分裂，可能可抵禦外在的惡劣環境。毛黴屬包括同宗配合（雌雄同株）和异宗配合（雌雄异株）的種。

下属物种编辑

本属包括以下物种：^[1]

Mucor abundans Povah
Mucor adventitius Oudem.
Mucor albus Schrank
Mucor aligarensis B.S.Mehrotra & B.R.Mehrotra
Mucor amethysteus Berk.
Mucor amethystinus L.Wagner & G.Walther
Mucor amphibiorum Schipper
Mucor ardhlaengiktus B.S.Mehrotra & B.M.Mehrotra
Mucor aseptatophorus V.G.Hurdeal, E.Gentekaki, K.D.Hyde & H.B.Lee, 2021
Mucor atramentarius L.Wagner & G.Walther
Mucor azygosporus R.K.Benj.
Mucor bacilliformis Hesselt.
Mucor bainieri B.S.Mehrotra & Baijal
Mucor bondarzevii S.A.Kulik
Mucor caatinguensis A.L.Santiago, C.A.F.de Souza & D.X.Lima
Mucor caninus Pers.
Mucor chiangraiensis V.G.Hurdeal, E.Gentekaki, K.D.Hyde & H.B.Lee, 2021
Mucor circinatus D.X.Lima, G.Walther & A.L.Santiago
Mucor circinelloides Tiegh.
Mucor clavatus Link
Mucor corticola Hagem
Mucor ctenidius (Durrell & M.Fleming) Walther & de Hoog
Mucor delicatus L.S.Loh & Kuthub.
Mucor durus Walther & de Hoog
Mucor ellipsoideus E.Álvarez, Cano, Stchigel, Deanna A.Sutton & Guarro
Mucor endophyticus (R.Y.Zheng & H.Jiang) J.Pawłowska & Walther
Mucor erectus Bainier
Mucor eugeniae L.S.Loh & Nawawi
Mucor eugenieae L.S.Loh & Nawawi
Mucor exponens (Burgeff) Walther & de Hoog
Mucor falcatus Schipper
Mucor fimetarius Link
Mucor flavus Bainier
Mucor fluvii Hyang B.Lee, S.H.Lee & T.T.T.Nguyen
Mucor fragilis (Tode) Traverso
Mucor fragilis Bainier
Mucor fuscus (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Berl. & De Toni
Mucor fuscus Bainier
Mucor fusiformis Walther & de Hoog
Mucor genevensis Lendn.
Mucor geophilus Oudem.
Mucor gigasporus G.Q.Chen & R.Y.Zheng
Mucor griseocyanus Hagem
Mucor grylli Hyang B.Lee & T.T.T.Nguyen, 2022^[2]
Mucor guilliermondii Nadson & Filippov
Mucor hachijyoensis Ts.Watan.
Mucor heterogamus Vuill.
Mucor hiemalis Wehmer
Mucor hyangburmii Hyang B.Lee & T.T.T.Nguyen, 2022^[2]
Mucor hygrophilus Oudem.
Mucor inaequisporus Dade
印度毛霉 Mucor indicus Lendn.
Mucor irregularis Stchigel, Cano, Guarro & E.Álvarez
日本毛霉 Mucor japonicus (Komin.) Walther & de Hoog
朝鲜毛霉 Mucor koreanus Hyang B.Lee, S.J.Jeon & T.T.Nguyen
Mucor kunryangriensis Hyang B.Lee & T.T.T.Nguyen, 2022^[2]
Mucor lahorensis J.H.Mirza, S.M.Khan, S.Begum & Shagufta
Mucor lanceolatus Hermet
Mucor lausannensis Lendn.
Mucor laxorrhizus Y.Ling
Mucor lilianae Voglmayr & Clémençon
Mucor limbiflorus (Tode) Sacc. & Traverso
Mucor lusitanicus Bruderl.
Mucor luteus Linnem. ex Wrzosek
Mucor megalocarpus Walther & de Hoog
Mucor meguroensis Ts.Watan.
Mucor merdicola C.A.F.de Souza & A.L.Santiago
Mucor microsporus Naumov
Mucor microsporus Wamyslowski
Mucor minimus (Tode) Link
Mucor minutus (Baijal & B.S.Mehrotra) Schipper
Mucor moelleri (Vuill.) Lendn.
Mucor mousanensis Baijal & B.S.Mehrotra
大毛霉 Mucor mucedo Fresen.
Mucor mucedo Lend.Ex Fries
Mucor multiplex (R.Y.Zheng) Walther & de Hoog
Mucor nanus Schipper & Samson
Mucor nidicola A.A.Madden, Stchigel, Guarro, Deanna A.Sutton & Starks
Mucor nucuum (Corda) Berl. & De Toni
Mucor odoratus Treschew
Mucor oosporus Link
Mucor orantomantidis Hyang B.Lee, P.M.Kirk & T.T.T.
Mucor orodatus Treschew
Mucor pakistanicus J.H.Mirza, S.M.Khan, S.Begum & Shagufta
Mucor parviseptatus Walther & de Hoog
Mucor parvispora Knonse
Mucor pernambucoensis C.L.Lima, D.X.Lima & A.L.Santiago
Mucor piriformis A.Fischer
Mucor plasmaticus Tiegh.
Mucor plumbeus Bonord.
Mucor prayagensis B.S.Mehrotra & Nand ex Schipper
Mucor pseudocircinelloides L.Wagner & G.Walther
Mucor pseudolusitanicus L.Wagner & G.Walther
Mucor psychrophilus Milko
Mucor punjabensis J.H.Mirza, S.M.Khan, S.Begum & Shagufta
Mucor racemosus Bull., 1791
Mucor racemosus Fresen.
Mucor ramosissimus Samouts.
Mucor ravidus L.S.Loh & Nawawi
Mucor renisporus K.Jacobs & Botha
荣氏毛霉 Mucor rongii F.R. Bai & C. Cheng
Mucor rudolphii Voglmayr & Clémençon
Mucor saprophilus Novot.
Mucor sarawakensis L.S.Loh & Nawawi
Mucor saturninus Hagem
Mucor silvaticus Hagem
中华毛霉 Mucor sinensis Milko & Beliakova
Mucor souzae C.A.de Souza, D.X.Lima & A.L.Santiago
Mucor speciosus Oudem.
Mucor stercorarius Hyang B.Lee, P.M.Kirk & T.T.T.Nguyen
Mucor stercoreus (Tode) Link
Mucor stilbum (Tode) Sacc. & Traverso
Mucor strictus Hagem
Mucor subtilissimus Oudem.
Mucor succosus Berk.
Mucor suhagiensis M.D.Mehrotra
Mucor sympodialis L.S.Loh & Kuthub.
Mucor tanatus L.S.Loh & Nawawi
Mucor tenellus (Tode) Pers.
Mucor tenuis Link
Mucor thermohyalospora Subrahm.
Mucor troglophilus Zalar
Mucor ucrainicus Milko
Mucor variicolumellatus L.Wagner & G.Walther
Mucor variosporus Schipper
Mucor verticillatus L.S.Loh & Kuthub.
Mucor viridescens Linnaeus, 1771
Mucor zonatus Milko
Mucor zychae Baijal & B.S.Mehrotra

其他编辑

因為大部分毛黴屬無法在溫暖環境中生長（接近攝氏37度），它們多不會感染人類和温血動物。耐熱品種（Mucor indicus）可致壞死性且能快速傳播的接合菌病。

参考资料编辑

^ Mucor Fresen., 1850. [2022-04-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-09）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Nguyen, T.T.T.; Lee, H.B. Discovery of Three New Mucor Species Associated with Cricket Insects in Korea. J. Fungi 2022, 8, 601. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8060601

外部連結编辑

Mucor （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） at Zygomycetes.org
Mucor species （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） from Index Fungorum
Mucor page （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） from Index Fungorum

[1] Mucor Fresen., 1850. [2022-04-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-09）.

[Nguyen-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Nguyen, T.T.T.; Lee, H.B. Discovery of Three New Mucor Species Associated with Cricket Insects in Korea. J. Fungi 2022, 8, 601. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8060601

[1]

[2]

Baike

毛黴屬

真菌的一属

目录