水豚:修订间差异

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'''水豚'''([[學名]]:{{lang|la|''Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris''}} 英语俗名:capybara)是[[水豚屬]]下僅存的兩種生物之一。牠是一種半水栖的[[食草動物]],也是世界上體型最大的[[齧齒類]]動物<ref name="msw3" />。原產於[[南美洲]]除了[[智利]]以外的所有稀樹草原和叢林中。
 
水豚是高度社會化的動物,最大的水豚群數量可達100頭,但一般在10至20頭之間。雖然因其肉及毛皮有利用價值而遭到捕獵,但該物種依然無危
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==生態==
[[File:Capivara(Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris).jpg|thumb|左|[[圣保罗]][[铁特河]]一处环境保护区的一群水豚]]
水豚是一種半水生動物<ref name="Palm Beach Zoo"/>,發現於除去[[智利]]以外的所有[[南美洲|南美洲國家]]中可發現<ref name="Bristol"/>。在靠近水域的密林中生活<ref name="Smithsonian"/>,一些[[稀樹草原]]上也可以見到它們的蹤跡。它們群居於巢穴周邊10公頃的範圍內,密度很大<ref name=r4/>。
 
一些從籠中逃脫的水豚也發現於世界其他地區的水域附近。雖然沒有確切的數量統計,但擁有最多水豚的非南美洲地區可能是[[佛羅里達州]]<ref>{{cite web | last = Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission | title = Capybara - ''Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris''Florida's Nonnative Wildlife. Species detail. | url = http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/nonnatives/mammals/capybara/ | accessdate = 2014-04-01 | archive-date = 2014-04-06 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140406221051/http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/nonnatives/mammals/capybara/ | dead-url = no }}</ref>。2011年,有人在[[加利福尼亞州]]中部沿海也目擊到了水豚<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-0818-capybara-20110818,0,104462.story|title=A gnawing question answered: It's a capybara roaming Paso Robles|last=Mather|first=Kate|date=2011-08-18|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|accessdate=2012-01-10|archive-date=2011-08-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823225337/http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-0818-capybara-20110818,0,104462.story|dead-url=no}}</ref>。
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<ref name="SoundsandColours">{{cite web|url=http://www.soundsandcolours.com/columns/south-american-wildlife/capybara-the-master-of-the-grasses-pest-or-prey/|title=Capybara, the master of the grasses: pest or prey|publisher=Sounds and Colours|accessdate=2016-11-18|archive-date=2012-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301135803/http://www.soundsandcolours.com/columns/south-american-wildlife/capybara-the-master-of-the-grasses-pest-or-prey/|dead-url=no}}</ref>
<ref name="SFZoo">{{cite web|last=San Francisco Zoo |title=Capybara. ''Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris'' |url=http://www.sfzoo.org/cgi-bin/animals.py?ID=90 |accessdate=2014-04-01 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614005832/http://www.sfzoo.org/cgi-bin/animals.py?ID=90 |archivedate=2007-06-14 }}</ref>
<ref name="SDzoo">{{cite web | last = San Diego Zoo | title = Capybara, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris: October 2008 | url = httphttps://librarycapybaramag.sandiegozoo.org/factsheetscom/capybara/capybara.htm-facts | accessdate = 2011-06-22 | archive-url = https://webcapybaramag.archive.org/web/20110930051431/http://library.sandiegozoo.org/factsheetscom/capybara/capybara.htm-facts | archive-date = 2011-09-30 | dead-url = yes }}</ref>
<ref name="Alho 1987">{{cite journal | author = Alho C. J. R., Rondon N. L. | year = 1987 | title = Habitats, population densities, and social structure of capybaras (hydrochaeris hypdrochaeris rodentia) in the pantanal Brazil | journal = Revista Brasileira de Zoologia | volume = 4 | issue = 2| pages = 139–149 }}</ref>
<ref name="Lord-Rexford 1994">{{cite journal|author=Lord-Rexford, D. |year=1994|title=A descriptive account of capybara behaviour|journal=Studies on neotropical fauna and environment|volume=29|issue=1|pages=11–22|doi=10.1080/01650529409360912}}</ref>